Best Weaning Practices Help Calves Grow Strong in the Fall Season

By Blake Jackson

For many beef producers, fall marks the start of the weaning season for spring-born calves. This stage plays an important role in preparing young calves for their next phase of growth, whether they are headed to the feedlot or kept as replacements. Good weaning practices reduce stress, improve health, and help calves adjust to new routines.

Before weaning begins, it is recommended that calves receive vaccinations against common respiratory illnesses. Ideally, calves should be vaccinated at least two weeks before weaning and given booster doses if possible.

Castration can also be completed before weaning to avoid adding additional stress at separation time. If working cattle through handling facilities multiple times is difficult, booster vaccinations can be given after calves have settled into their new environment.

Producers can choose from several weaning methods. One of the most stressful methods is separating calves and moving them to an unfamiliar location. This adds the challenge of a new environment and increases stress levels, though some producers note the bawling stops sooner when cows and calves cannot see each other.

Fence-line weaning is a preferred option for reducing stress. In this method, calves are separated but can still see and hear their mothers through a fence. Research shows this approach significantly lowers stress for both cows and calves. Strong fencing is essential to prevent calves from returning to their mothers and delaying the process.

Another effective method uses plastic nose rings. Calves stay with their mothers but cannot nurse. After five to seven days, calves are fully separated. This method usually results in minimal bawling and smooth adjustment, though occasional calves may learn to work around the ring.

Natural weaning is not advised because older calves may continue nursing too long, reducing the cow’s ability to recover and affecting the health of future calves.

During weaning, calves should be monitored closely for illness, especially during weather changes. Providing fresh hay, clean water, and adequate protein helps calves transition off milk. Preconditioning programs usually require calves to be weaned for at least 45 days, so consistent feeding and careful management are important.

Producers should choose a weaning method that matches their herd size and facilities. The goal is always the same: keep stress low for calves, cows, and even the people managing them.

Photo Credit: gettyimages-baranozdemir