Bird flu spreads from dairy cows to poultry in Michigan

By Andi Anderson

In Michigan, the bird flu, also known as highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), has taken an unexpected turn. The virus has spread from dairy cattle farms to poultry farms, according to new information from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).

This development marks a significant shift, as the outbreak previously spread primarily from wild birds to poultry.

A June 9th USDA report revealed that the H5N1 virus originated in a herd of dairy cows in Michigan, imported from an already infected Texas dairy farm.

These cows unintentionally exposed themselves to the virus in the spring, possibly through contact with deceased ducks on the ranch. The infected cows then transmitted the virus to neighboring poultry farms, with cases reported in Newaygo, Gratiot, Ionia, and Ottawa counties.

This situation raises concerns about the changing nature of the avian flu outbreak. Traditionally, wild birds are the primary carriers of the infection in poultry, but the Michigan case indicates that dairy cows might also serve as a reservoir and transmitter of the virus.

This highlights the need for stricter biosecurity protocols on farms with both chickens and cattle to prevent cross-contamination.

The USDA assures the public that there is minimal risk from consuming meat or dairy products. Testing procedures ensure that infected animals are removed from the food chain, and cooking meat to the proper temperature deactivates the virus, making it safe to eat.

However, farmworkers remain at higher risk due to their frequent contact with infected animals. This year, two farmworkers in Michigan and Texas have contracted the virus, underscoring the importance of protective gear and hygiene standards during outbreaks.

Scientists are investigating how H5N1 spreads among dairy cattle. While the Michigan case suggests the possibility of cow-to-cow transmission, further research is needed to confirm this.

The USDA advises dairy farmers to remain vigilant and report any symptoms of illness in their herds, such as reduced appetite or milk production. Early detection and isolation of affected animals are crucial for controlling the virus’s spread.

The avian flu epidemic continues to challenge the agriculture sector. The Michigan case underscores the importance of ongoing surveillance, adapting biosecurity measures, and further studying the virus’s transmission dynamics.

By taking these steps, we can mitigate the spread of bird flu and protect the health of both humans and animals.

Photo Credit: gettyimages-jacqueline-nix