By Jamie Martin
Agrivoltaics is gaining attention as a practical way to produce both food and renewable energy on the same land. The system combines solar panels with crop production, helping farmers make better use of available space.
Researchers recently developed a new model to study how solar panels, crops, soil, air, and water interact in an agrivoltaic system. The model was tested using real field data from agricultural research sites in California and Minnesota. Scientists then applied it to a simulated tomato farm under warm and humid weather conditions.
The results showed that crops grown beneath solar panels experienced cooler temperatures than crops grown in open fields. On average, leaf temperatures were nearly 2°C lower during the day, with much greater cooling during the hottest afternoon hours. This reduction in heat stress helped plants conserve water by lowering evapotranspiration.
Although crops under solar panels received less sunlight, they continued to absorb a strong amount of carbon dioxide. Researchers found that cooler growing conditions helped offset some of the effects of reduced sunlight, allowing plants to remain productive.
The study also highlighted benefits for solar energy production. Solar panels placed above crops stayed cooler than panels installed over bare ground. Because solar panels perform better at lower temperatures, the cooler conditions helped improve energy efficiency.
Farmworkers could benefit as well. The model showed lower perceived temperatures during working hours, creating a more comfortable and potentially safer environment for people working in the fields during hot weather.
Researchers believe the new model can help evaluate agrivoltaic systems in different climates and various crops. The findings suggest that combining agriculture and solar energy could support sustainable food production, improve renewable energy generation, and enhance farm working conditions in the future.
Photo Credit: istock-shansekala
Categories: National