By Andi Anderson
Butterfly populations in the United States are declining at an alarming rate, according to a new study published in Science. Researchers found that from 2000 to 2020, butterfly numbers dropped by 22%, raising serious concerns about the future of these essential pollinators.
The study compiled data from 76,000 surveys and examined over 554 butterfly species. It found that 107 species lost more than half their populations, with declines averaging 1.3% per year. The Pacific Northwest was the only region to show an increase, but this was mainly due to a temporary boom in California tortoiseshell butterflies.
Lead researchers Elise Zipkin of Michigan State University and Nick Haddad of MSU’s Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Program warn that butterfly loss has serious ecological consequences. Butterflies help cycle nutrients and serve as a food source for birds and other wildlife. Their decline mirrors the 3 billion birds lost in North America over the past 50 years.
Pollination is another major concern. While bees are the most well-known pollinators, butterflies contribute significantly, supporting $120 million worth of cotton production in Texas alone. The study calls for stronger conservation policies to protect butterfly habitats and reduce harmful farming practices.
One key threat to butterflies is insecticide overuse, which a recent PLOS ONE study identified as more damaging than habitat loss and climate change. Researchers suggest reducing unnecessary insecticide use and restoring underperforming farmland to natural habitats to help butterflies recover.
Scientists stress that action is needed at both local and national levels. Without intervention, butterfly populations may continue to decline, leading to widespread ecological disruptions.
Photo Credit: istock-herreid
Categories: Michigan, Rural Lifestyle