By Andi Anderson
The controlled biological decomposition of organic matter results in compost. Manure that does not meet generally accepted compost standards cannot be called compost. Understanding your rights regarding on-farm composting is crucial.
This article was originally published in the Michigan Dairy Review in January 2009 by MSU Extension educator Charles Gould and MDARD analyst Steve Mahoney, revised by MSU Extension educator Eliza Hensel.
Uses and Benefits of Compost:
Compost has many uses in cropping systems. It improves soil fertility, enhances nutrient availability, and supports beneficial microorganisms that suppress soil-borne pathogens. Compost encourages the formation of soil aggregates, protecting soil from erosion and compaction. Key feedstocks for compost include carbon sources like sawdust and straw, and nitrogen sources like manure and fresh grass clippings.
Right to Farm Coverage:
The Michigan Right to Farm (RTF) Act (Act 93 of 1981) establishes Generally Accepted Agricultural and Management Practices (GAAMPs) to provide uniform standards. For livestock farms, these practices are implemented through a Manure Management Systems Plan (MMSP). A farmer complies with the RTF Act by developing, implementing, and documenting adherence to an MMSP.
Compost Production Scenarios:
Different scenarios impact RTF coverage and regulatory oversight:
Scenario I:
Manure generated and composted on the farm can be used on the same farm or taken off-site under RTF, following GAAMPs recommendations.
Scenario II:
Manure brought from one farm to another for composting can be used on the composting farm under RTF, if managed according to GAAMPs. Distribution from the farm is considered commercial composting and subject to NREPA part 115 rules.
Scenario III:
Yard clippings brought to a farm for composting can be used as soil amendments under RTF, if managed according to GAAMPs and an approved Compost Operation Plan (COP). The farm must submit a COP to MDARD, allow on-site inspections, and maintain records to document adherence to the COP.
Scenario IV:
Yard waste brought to a farm and distributed in any form is considered a commercial composting facility, regulated by EGLE, with no RTF coverage.
Understanding these scenarios helps farmers navigate compost production regulations and ensure compliance. For more information, visit the Michigan Right to Farm website or consult the On-Farm Composting Handbook.
Compost production offers many benefits, but careful management and adherence to regulations are essential. By following GAAMPs and maintaining proper documentation, farmers can effectively use compost to enhance their operations while staying compliant with legal requirements.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-nicexray
Categories: Michigan, Government & Policy